An attempt to make upskirting a specific criminal offence in England and Wales has been blocked by one Conservative MP.
The government had given its support to introducing the new law earlier.
But Sir Christopher Chope shouted "object" to the bill, leading to cries of "shame" from other MPs.
The campaign for the law against upskirting - where photos are secretly taken under a skirt - was started by victim Gina Martin.
Ms Martin said she was "extremely upset and disappointed" by Sir Christopher's objection.
But she said she remained "positive and hopeful", having already spoken to him and arranged a meeting to discuss the bill further with him.
Liberal Democrat MP Wera Hobhouse, who brought the private member's bill to Parliament, has criticised the "out-of-touch Tory" for "sabotaging" the bill.
Ms Hobhouse's bill would have made upskirting a criminal offence in line with other voyeurism offences - meaning offenders could face a maximum of two years in prison.
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It was expected to pass after justice minister Lucy Frazer confirmed the government would back it.
But the rules in Parliament mean it only requires one MP to shout "object" to block a bill's progress.
Ms Martin said: "We knew this was a risk but I now stand with powerful, passionate women and men behind me, and I am confident that Lucy Frazer is committed to - and will - close this gap in the law."
Ms Hobshouse added: "Upskirting is a depraved violation of privacy. It is outrageous that a single member of Parliament has today been able to derail a much needed and universally supported change in the law.
"This change would have protected women and girls across England and Wales and given the police the tools to bring the perpetrators to justice. This is too important to allow people like Christopher Chope to obstruct progress on this vital issue."
The Lib Dem has asked for her bill to return to the House on 6 July.
'I was upskirted at the bus stop'
Debbie was 17 when a man came and sat down next to her at a bus stop, and then started moving closer towards her.
She says: "I was aware something wasn't quite right, but every time I turned around he pretended to be looking out towards the road where the bus was coming from.
"You don't always have the confidence to say something, so I stood up and walked away.
"But when I turned around to look at him he was holding up his mobile phone. It was a video of my bum - he had been trying to video up my dress."
Read more about Debbie's story and other upskirting victims
Ms Martin started the campaign after two men took a picture up her skirt while she was at a concert in London's Hyde Park last July.
Police said they were unable to prosecute as the picture was not graphic enough because she was wearing underwear.
As there is no law specifically naming and banning upskirting in England and Wales, victims and police are currently only able to pursue offences of outraging public decency or as a crime of voyeurism.
The new law would change that, bringing it in line with other voyeurism offences.
It would also allow, in the most serious cases, those convicted to be placed on the sex offenders register.
Upskirting has been an offence in Scotland since 2010 when it was listed under the broadened definition of voyeurism.
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